Encyclopedia of Latin American History and Culture

Encyclopedia of Latin American History and Culture Jay Kinsbruner and Erick D. Langer, eds. 2^nded. Detroit, MI: Charles Scribner's Sons, 2008. 5500 pp. 6 vols.

Provides a comprehensive, multidisciplinary view of Latin American history and culture from prehistoric times to the present. Covers cultural issues and includes numerous biographical profiles of important figures in politics, letters and the arts.

Front Cover
Half Title Page
Editorial Board
Title Page
Copyright Page
In Memoriam
Editorial and Production Staff
Other Frontmatter
Contents
Introduction
Using the Encyclopedia
List of Contributors
Abadía-Adelantado
- Abadía Méndez, Miguel (1867–1947)
- Abad y Queipo, Manuel (1751–1825)
- Abalos, José de
- Abascal y Souza, José Fernando (1743–1821)
- Abasolo, Mariano (c. 1783–1816)
- Abbad y Lasierra, Íñigo (1745–1813)
- ABC Countries
- Abente y Lago, Victorino (1846–1935)
- Abertura
- Abipón People
- Abreu, Diego de (?–1553)
- Abril, Xavier (1905–1990)
- Acá Carayá Cavalry
- Academia de la Lengua y Cultura Guaraní
- Academia de San Carlos
- Academia Literaria de Querétaro
- Academias
- Acapulco
- Acaray River
- Aceval, Benjamín (1845–1902)
- Acevedo Díaz, Eduardo Inés (1851–1921)
- Acevedo Hernández, Antonio (1886–1962)
- Achá, José María (1810–1868)
- Aché
- Aconcagua
- Acordada
- Acordada, Revolt of
- Acosta, Cecilio (1818–1881)
- Acosta, José de (1540–1600)
- Acosta, Tomás (1744–1821)
- Acosta García, Julio (1872–1954)
- Acosta León, Ángel (1932–1964)
- Acosta Ñu, Battle of
- Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
- Acre
- Acuerdo
- Adams, Grantley Herbert (1898–1971)
- Adams–Onís Treaty (1819)
- Additional Act of 1834
- Adelantado
Adelantado-Ahuizote
- Adelantado of the South Sea
- Adem Chahín, José (1921–1991)
- Adem Chahín, Julián (1924–)
- Admirable Campaign
- Afrancesado
- Africa, Portuguese
- African–Brazilian Cultural and Political Organizations
- African–Brazilian Emigration to Africa
- African Brazilians, Color Terminology
- African–Latin American Relations
- African–Latin American Religions
  - Overview
  - Brazil
- Africans in Hispanic America
- Agiotista
- Agramonte y Loynaz, Ignacio (1841–1873)
- Agrarian Reform
- Agregado
- Agreste
- Agriculture
- Aguardiente de Pisco
- Aguascalientes, Convention of
- Aguayo, Marqués de (c. 1677–1734)
- Aguayo, Sergio (1947–)
- Agüero Rocha, Fernando (1918–)
- Agüeybana II (?–1511)
- Aguiar, Adonias (1915–1990)
- Aguilar, Jerónimo de (c. 1490–1531)
- Aguilar, Martín de (?–1603)
- Aguilar, Rosario Fiallos de (1938–)
- Aguilar Vargas, Cándido (1888–1960)
- Aguilera Malta, Demetrio (1909–1981)
- Aguirre, Atanasio (1801–1875)
- Aguirre, Juan Francisco de (1758–1811)
- Aguirre, Julián (1868–1924)
- Aguirre, Lope de (1518–1561)
- Aguirre, Nataniel (1843–1888)
- Aguirre Cerda, Pedro (1879–1941)
- Aguirre y Salinas, Osmín (1889–1977)
- Agustín, José (1944–)
- Agustini, Delmira (1886–1914)
- Ahuizote, El
Aizenberg-Alexis
- Aizenberg, Roberto (1928–1998)
- Alagoas
- Alakaluf
- Alamán, Lucas (1792–1853)
- Alambert, Zuleika (1924–)
- Alamo, Battle of the
- Alarcón, Martín de (c. 1691–c. 1721)
- Albán, Laureano (1942–)
- Alberdi, Juan Bautista (1810–1884)
- Alberni, Pedro de (1745–1802)
- Alberro, Francisco de
- Alberto, João (1897–1955)
- Albizu Campos, Pedro (c. 1891–1965)
- Albuquerque
- Albuquerque, Antônio Francisco de Paula (1797–1863)
- Albuquerque, Matias de (1595–1647)
- Alcabalas
- Alcalde
- Alcalde Mayor
- Alcaraz, José Antonio (1938–2001)
- Alcoholic Beverages
- Alcoriza, Luis (1920–1992)
- Alcorta, Diego (1801–1842)
- Aldama y González, Ignacio de (?–1811)
- Aldama y González, Juan de (1774–1811)
- Aldana, José Maria (1758–1810)
- Aldeias
- Alegre, Francisco Javier (1729–1788)
- Alegría, Ciro (1909–1967)
- Alegría, Claribel (1924–)
- Alegría, Fernando (1918–2005)
- Aleijadinho (c. 1738–1814)
- Alem, Leandro N. (1842–1896)
- Alemán Valdés, Miguel (1900–1983)
- Alencar, José Martiniano de (1829–1877)
- Alessandripalma, Arturo (1868–1950)
- Alessandri Rodríguez, Jorge (1896–1986)
- Alexander, Edward Porter (1835–1910)
- Alexander VI, Pope (1431–1503)
- Alexis, Jacques Stéphen (1922–1961)
Alfaro-Alvarado
- Alfaro, Ricardo Joaquín (1882–1971)
- Alfaro Delgado, José Eloy (1842–1912)
- Alfaro Siqueiros, David (1896–1974)
- Alfonsín, Raúl Ricardo (1926–)
- Algarrobo
- Alguacil Mayor
- Alhóndiga
- Alianza Cívica
- Allende, Ignacio (1769–1811)
- Allende, Isabel (1942–)
- Allende Gossens, Salvador (1908–1973)
- Allende–Sarón, Pedro Humberto (1885–1959)
- Alliance for Progress
- Almafuerte (1854–1917)
- Almagro, Diego de (c. 1475–1538)
- Almazán, Juan Andréu (1891–1965)
- Almeida, José Américo de (1887–1980)
- Almeida, Manuel Antônio de (1831–1861)
- Almeida Júnior, José Ferraz de (1850–1899)
- Almojarifazgo
- Almonte, Juan Nepomuceno (1803–1869)
- Alomía Robles, Daniel (1871–1942)
- Alonso, Amado (1896–1952)
- Alonso, Manuel A. (1822–1899)
- Alonso, Mariano Roque (1792–1853)
- Alonso, Raúl (1924–1993)
- Alou, Felipe Rojas (1935–)
- Alsina, Adolfo (1829–1877)
- Alsina, Valentín (1802–1869)
- Alsogaray, Álvaro (1913–2005)
- Altamirano, Ignacio Manuel (1834–1893)
- Altar de Sacrificios
- Altepetl
- Altiplano
- Altun Ha
- Alurista (1947–)
- Alva Ixtlilxochitl, Fernando (c. 1578–1650)
- Alvarado, Antonio (1938–)
- Alvarado, Lisandro (1858–1929)
- Alvarado, María Jesús (1878–1971)
Alvarado-Ameghino
- Alvarado, Salvador (1880–1924)
- Alvarado Tezozomoc, Don Hernando (c. 1525–c. 1610)
- Alvarado Xicotencatl, Leonor (1524–1583)
- Alvarado y Mesía, Pedro de (1485?–1541?)
- Álvarez, Juan (1790–1867)
- Alvarez, Julia (1950–)
- Álvarez, Luis Héctor (1919–)
- Álvarez, Manuel (1794–1856)
- Álvarez Armellino, Gregorio Conrado (1925–)
- Álvarez Bravo, Lola (1907–1993)
- Álvarez Bravo, Manuel (1912–2002)
- Álvarez de Pineda, Alonso (?–1520)
- Álvarez Gardeazábal, Gustavo (1945–)
- Alvarez Martínez, Gustavo (1937–1989)
- Álvarez Ponce de León, Griselda (1913–)
- Alvear, Carlos María de (1789–1852)
- Alvear, Marcelo Torcuato de (1868–1942)
- Alves, Francisco (1889–1952)
- Alves Branco, Manuel (1797–1855)
- Alves Branco Tariff
- Álzaga, Martín de (1757–1812)
- Alzate y Ramírez, José Antonio de (1737–1799)
- Amado, Jorge (1912–2001)
- Amador, Manuel E. (1869–1952)
- Amador Guerrero, Manuel (1833–1909)
- Amapá
- Amapala, Treaties of (1895, 1907)
- Amaral, Antônio José Azevedo do (1881–1942)
- Amaral, Tarsila do (1886–1973)
- Amaranth
- Amar y Borbón, Antonio (1742–1826)
- Amat y Junient, Manuel de (1704–1782)
- Amauta
- Amazonas
- Amazon Basin, Archaeology
- Amazon Pact (1978)
- Amazon Region
- Amazon River
- Ambrogi, Arturo (1875–1936)
- Ameghino, Florentino (1854–1911)
Amélia-Angel
- Amélia, Empress (1812–1873)
- Amenábar, Juan (1922–1999)
- America
- American Atlantic and Pacific Ship Canal Company
- American Revolution, Influence of
- Americas, The
- Americo de Figuereido e Melo, Pedro (1843–1905)
- Amézaga, Juan José de (1881–1956)
- Amorim, Enrique (1900–1960)
- Amorim, Pedro (1958–)
- Amparo, Writ of
- Ampíes, Juan de (?–1533)
- Ampudia y Grimarest, Pedro de (1805–1868)
- Amunátegui Aldunate, Miguel Luis (1828–1888)
- Anáhuac
- Anarchism and Anarchosyndicalism
- Anaya, Pedro María de (1794–1854)
- Anaya, Rudolfo (1937–)
- Ancash
- Anchieta, José de (1534–1597)
- Anchorena, Tomás Manuel de (1773–1847)
- Ancón, Treaty of (1883)
- Andagoya, Pascual de (1495–1548)
- Andean Pact
- Anderson Imbert, Enrique (1910–2000)
- Andes
- Andrada, Antônio Carlos Ribeiro de and Martim Francisco Ribeiro de
- Andrada, José Bonifácio de (1763–1838)
- Andrade, Carlos Drummond de (1902–1987)
- Andrade, Gomes Freire de (1688–1763)
- Andrade, Jorge (1922–1988)
- Andrade, Mário de (1893–1945)
- Andrade, Olegario Victor (1839–1882)
- Andrade, Oswald de (1890–1954)
- Andrade, Roberto (1850–1938)
- Andreoni, João Antônio (1649–1716)
- Andresote
- Andreve, Guillermo (1879–1940)
- Andueza Palacio, Raimundo (1843–1900)
- Angel, Albalucía (1939–)
Ángeles-Arango
- Ángeles, Felipe (1869–1919)
- Angel Falls
- Angelis, Pedro de (1784–1859)
- Ângelo, Ivan (1936–)
- Angola
- Angostura, Congress of
- Anguilla
- Annals of the Cakchiquels
- Antarctica
- Antequera y Castro, José de (1693–1731)
- Anthropology
- Anticlericalism
- Antigua
- Antigua (La Antigua Guatemala)
- Antioquia
- Antofagasta
- Antuñano, Estevan de (1792–1847)
- Antúnez, Nemesio (1918–1993)
- Anza, Juan Bautista de (1736–1788)
- Anzaldúa, Gloria (1942–2004)
- Anzoátegui, José Antonio (1789–1819)
- Apaches
- Apalachee
- Aparicio, Luis (1934–)
- Apolinar (1928–)
- Aponte–Ledée, Rafael (1938–)
- Appleyard, José Luis (1927–)
- Apurímac
- Arab–Latin American Relations
- Aracaju
- Arada, Battle of
- Aragon
- Araguaia River
- Aramayo Family
- Aramburu, Pedro Eugenio (1905–1970)
- Arana, Felipe de (1786–1865)
- Arana, Francisco J. (1905–1949)
- Arana, Julio César (1864–1952)
- Arana Osorio, Carlos (1918–2003)
- Arango, Débora (1907–2005)
Arango-Argentina
- Arango y Parreño, Francisco de (1765–1837)
- Aranha, Oswaldo (1894–1960)
- Arau, Alfonso (1932–)
- Araucana, La
- Araucanians
- Araujo, Arturo (1878–1967)
- Araujo, Juan de (1646–1712)
- Araújo Lima, Marquis of Olinda, Pedro de (1793–1870)
- Arbenz Guzmán, Jacobo (1913–1971)
- Arbitristas
- Arboleda, Carlos (1929–)
- Arboleda, Julio (1817–1862)
- Arce, Aniceto (1824–1906)
- Arce, Manuel José (1787–1847)
- Arce Castaño, Bayardo (1949–)
- Archaeology
- Archila, Andrés (1913–2002)
- Architecture
  - Architecture to 1900
  - Modern Architecture
- Arciniega, Claudio de (1528–1592)
- Arciniegas, Germán (1900–1999)
- Arcos, Santiago (1822–1874)
- Arden Quin, Carmelo (1913–)
- Ardévol, José (1911–1981)
- Arenales, Juan Antonio Álvarez de (1770–1831)
- Arenas, Reinaldo (1943–1990)
- Arenas Conspiracy
- Arequipa
- Arévalo Bermejo, Juan José (1904–1990)
- Arévalo Martínez, Rafael (1885–1975)
- Argentina
  - The Colonial Period
  - The Nineteenth Century
  - The Twentieth Century
- Argentina, Civil Code
- Argentina, Commercial Code
- Argentina, Constitutions
- Argentina, Federalist Pacts (1831, 1852)
- Argentina, Geography
- Argentina, Movements
  - Federalists
  - Unitarists
- Argentina, Organizations
  - American Industrial Society for Machinery (SIAM)
  - Argentine Civic Legion (LCA)
  - Argentine Patriotic League (LPA)
  - Argentine Rural Society
  - Argentine Trade Promotion Institute (IAPI)
  - Federation of Argentine Workers (FOA)
  - General Labor Confederation (CGT)
  - Liga Federal, Liga Litoral, Liga Unitaria
  - Sociedad de Beneficiencia
  - United Officers Group (GOU)
  - Yacimientos Petrolíferos Fiscales (YPF)
- Argentina, Political Parties
  - Antipersonalist Radical Civic Union
  - Democratic Union (UD)
  - Independent Socialist Party
  - Intransigent Radicals
  - Justicialist Party
  - National Autonomist Party (PAN)
  - Personalist Radical Civic Union
  - Progressive Democratic Party
  - Radical Party (UCR)
  - Socialist Party
  - Youth Organization of the Radical Party (FORJA)
- Argentina, Truth Commissions
- Argentina, University Reform
Argentine-Arrau
- Argentine Confederation
- Arguedas, Alcides (1879–1946)
- Arguedas, José María (1911–1969)
- Argüelles, Hugo (1932–2003)
- Argüello, Leonardo (1875–1947)
- Argüello, Santiago (1791–1862)
- Argüello Mora, Manuel (1834–1902)
- Arias, Arturo (1950–)
- Arias, Desiderio (1872–1931)
- Arias Calderón, Ricardo (1933–)
- Arias de Saavedra, Hernando (1561–1634)
- Arias Madrid, Arnulfo (1901–1988)
- Arias Madrid, Harmodio (1886–1962)
- Arias Sánchez, Oscar (1940–)
- Arica
- Aridjis, Homero (1940–)
- Ariel
- Arielismo
- Arismendi, Juan Bautista (1775–1841)
- Arismendi, Rodney (1913–1989)
- Arista, Mariano (1802–1855)
- Aristide, Jean-Bertrand (1953–)
- Arizona
- Arlt, Roberto (1900–1942)
- Armada del Mar del Sur
- Armed Forces
- Armendáriz, José de (1670–?)
- Armendáriz, Pedro (1912–1963)
- Armijo, Manuel (1801–1853)
- Arnaz, Desi (1917–1986)
- Arns, Paulo Evaristo (1921–)
- Arosemena, Florencio Harmodio (1872–1945)
- Arosemena, Juan Demóstenes (1879–1939)
- Arosemena, Justo (1817–1896)
- Arosemena, Pablo (1836–1920)
- Arosemena Gómez, Otto (1925–1984)
- Arosemena Monroy, Carlos Julio (1919–2004)
- Arosemena Quinzada, Albacíades (1883–1958)
- Arraes de Alencar, Miguel (1916–2005)
- Arrau, Claudio León (1903–1991)
Arreola-Atl
- Arreola, Juan José (1918–2001)
- Arriaga, Ponciano (1811–1863)
- Arriero
- Arrieta, José Agustín (1803–1874)
- Arrieta, Pedro de (1691–1738)
- Arriví, Francisco (1915–)
- Arron, Henck A. E. (1936–2000)
- Arroyo Asencio
- Arroyo del Río, Carlos Alberto (1893–1969)
- Arroyo Grande, Battle of
- Arrufat, Antón (1935–)
- Art
  - Pre–Columbian Art of Mesoamerica
  - Pre–Columbian Art of South America
  - The Colonial Era
  - The Nineteenth Century
  - The Twentieth Century
  - Folk Art
- Arteaga, Rosalía (1956–)
- Artigas
- Artigas, José Gervasio (1764–1850)
- Aruba
- Arzáns Orsúa y Vela, Bartolomé (1676–1736)
- Arze, José Antonio (1904–1955)
- Asado
- Ascasubi, Hilario (1807–1875)
- Asians in Latin America
- Asiento
- Asociación Cristiana Femenina (YWCA)
- Asociación de Mayo
- Aspero
- Aspíllaga Family
- Assembly of Notables
- Assunção, Leilah (1943–)
- Astronomy
- Asturias, Miguel Ángel (1899–1974)
- Asuar, José Vicente (1933–)
- Asunción
- Asylum
- Atacama Desert
- Atacames
- Atahualpa (c. 1498–1533)
- Atahualpa (Juan Santos) (1710?–c. 1756)
- Ateneo de la Juventud (Athenaeum of Youth)
- Ateneo del Uruguay
- Atl, Dr. (1875–1964)
Atlantic-Azara
- Atlantic Charter
- Atlantic Islands, Migrants from
- Atusparia Revolt
- Auchmuty, Samuel (1758–1822)
- Audiencia
- Audiencia de los Confines
- Augustinians
- Aury, Louis-Michel (c. 1788–1821)
- Austin, Moses (1761–1821)
- Austin, Stephen Fuller (1793–1836)
- Auto, Auto Sacramental
- Automobile Industry
- Avalos, Pact of (1820)
- Avellaneda, Nicolás (1837–1885)
- Avería
- Aviation
- Ávila, Alonso de (c. 1539–1566)
- Ávila, Julio Enrique (1892–1968)
- Ávila, Pedro Arias de (c. 1440–1531)
- Ávila Camacho, Manuel (1897–1955)
- Avilés, Gabriel (1735–1810)
- Avio
- Axayacatl (c. 1449–1481)
- Ayacucho
- Ayacucho, Battle of
- Ayala, Eligio (1880–1930)
- Ayala, Eusebio (1874–1942)
- Ayala, José de la Cruz (1854–1892)
- Aycinena, Juan Fermín de (1729–1796)
- Aycinena, Mariano de (1789–1855)
- Aycinena, Pedro de (1802–1897)
- Aycinena Piñol, Juan José de (1792–1865)
- Ayllu
- Aylwin Azócar, Patricio (1918–)
- Aymara
- Aymara (Language)
- Ayolas, Juan de (1539?–?)
- Ayora Cueva, Isidro (1879–1978)
- Azar, Héctor (1930–2000)
- Azara, Félix de (1746–1821)
Azcapotzalco-Baldorioty
- Azcapotzalco
- Azcárate y Lezama, Juan Francisco de (1767–1831)
- Azcárraga Milmo, Emilio (1930–1997)
- Azcona Hoyo, José Simón (1927–2005)
- Azcuénaga, Miguel de (1754–1833)
- Azevedo, Aluísio (1857–1913)
- Azevedo, Fernando de (1894–1974)
- Azevedo, Thales de (1904–1995)
- Azores
- Aztec Calendar Stone
- Aztecs
- Aztlán
- Azuela, Mariano (1873–1952)
- Babylonian Captivity
- Baca Flor, Carlos (c. 1865–1941)
- Bacharéis
- Bachata
- Bachelet, Michelle (1951–)
- Bachiller y Morales, Antonio (1812–1889)
- Backus and Johnston
- Báez, Buenaventura (1812–1884)
- Báez, Cecilio (1862–1941)
- Bahamas, Commonwealth of the
- Bahia
- Bahía
- Bahía, Islas De
- Bahía Blanca
- Baião
- Baja California
- Bajío
- Baker, Lorenzo Dow (1840–1908)
- Balaguer, Joaquín (1907–2002)
- Balaiada
- Balbás, Jerónimo de (?–1748)
- Balbín, Ricardo (1904–1981)
- Balboa, Vasco Núñez de (c. 1475–1519)
- Balbuena, Bernardo de (c. 1562–1627)
- Balcarce, Mariano (1807–1885)
- Baldomir, Alfredo (1894–1948)
- Baldorioty de Castro, Ramón (1822–1889)
Ballagas-Barbuda
- Ballagas y Cubeñas, Emilio (1908–1954)
- Ballet Folklórico de México
- Ball Game, Pre-Columbian
- Ballivián, José (1805–1852)
- Balmaceda Fernández, José Manuel (1840–1891)
- Balsas River
- Balseiro, José Agustín (1900–1992)
- Balta, José (1814–1872)
- Baltimore Incident
- Banana Industry
- Banco Comercial y Agrícola (Ecuador)
- Banco de Avío
- Banco de la República (Colombia)
- Banco de Londres y México
- Banco de México
- Banco de San Carlos (Potosí)
- Banco de San Carlos (Spain)
- Banco do Brasil
- Banda de Pífanos
- Banda Oriental
- Bandeira, Manuel Carneiro de Souza (1886–1968)
- Bandeiras
- Banditry
- Banking
  - Overview
  - Since 1990
- Bank Nationalization
- Banzer Suárez, Hugo (1926–2002)
- Baptista, Mariano (1832–1907)
- Baquedano, Manuel (1826–1897)
- Baquerizo Moreno, Alfredo (1859–1951)
- Baquiano
- Baquíjano y Carrillo de Córdoba, José de (1751–1817)
- Baralt, Rafael María (1810–1860)
- Barbados
- Barbero, Andrés (1877–1949)
- Barbosa, Domingos Caldas (1738–1800)
- Barbosa, Francisco Villela (1769–1846)
- Barbosa de Oliveira, Rui (1840–1923)
- Barbosa–Lima, Carlos (1944–)
- Barbosa y Alcalá, José Celso (1857–1921)
- Barbuda
Barco-Basques
- Barco Vargas, Virgilio (1921–1997)
- Bareiro, Cándido (1838–1880)
- Bariloche
- Baring Brothers
- Barnet, Miguel (1940–)
- Barnola, Pedro Pablo (1908–1986)
- Barracas
- Barradas, Rafael (c. 1890–1929)
- Barragán Morfin, Luis (1902–1988)
- Barrancabermeja
- Barranca Yaco
- Barranquilla
- Barreda, Gabino (1818–1881)
- Barreda y Laos, Felipe (1888–1973)
- Barreiro, Antonio (c. 1780–1835)
- Barrera, Isaac J. (1884–1970)
- Barrera Barerra, Eulalia Beatriz (1918–)
- Barreto de Menezes, Tobias Jr. (1839–1889)
- Barrett, Rafael (1876–1910)
- Barrientos Ortuño, René (1919–1969)
- Barrillas, Manuel Lisandro (1844–1907)
- Barrios, Agustín (1885–1944)
- Barrios, Eduardo (1884–1963)
- Barrios, Gerardo (1813–1865)
- Barrios, Gonzalo (1902–1993)
- Barrios, Justo Rufino (1835–1885)
- Barrios de Chamorro, Violeta (1929–)
- Barros, Adhemar de (1901–1969)
- Barros, João de (c. 1496–1570)
- Barros Arana, Diego (1830–1906)
- Barroso, Ary (1903–1964)
- Barroso, Gustavo Dodt (1888–1959)
- Barrow, Errol Walton (1920–1987)
- Barrundia, José Francisco (1787–1854)
- Barrundia, Juan (1788–c. 1843)
- Basadre, Jorge (1903–1980)
- Basaldúa, Hector (1895–1976)
- Basel, Treaty of (1795)
- Bases Orgánicas
- Basques in Latin America
Bassols-Belgian
- Bassols, Narciso (1897–1959)
- Basso Maglio, Vicente (1889–1961)
- Bastidas, Rodrigo de (c. 1460–1526)
- Basurto, Luis (1920–1990)
- Batán Grande
- Batista, Cícero Romão (1844–1934)
- Batista y Zaldívar, Fulgencio (1901–1973)
- Batlle, Lorenzo (1810–1887)
- Batlle Berres, Luis Conrado (1897–1964)
- Batlle y Ordóñez, José (1856–1929)
- Batllismo
- Baton Rouge, Battle of
- Batres Juarros, Luis (1802–1862)
- Batres Montúfar, José (1809–1844)
- Bauxite Industry
- Bauzá, Mario (1911–1993)
- Bayly Letts, Jaime (1965–)
- Bay of Pigs Invasion
- Bazaine, François Achille (1811–1888)
- Bazán, Juan Gregorio (?–1570)
- Beagle Channel Dispute
- Beals, Carleton (1893–1979)
- Beans
- Bear Flag Revolt
- Becan
- Becerra–Schmidt, Gustavo (1925–)
- Beckman Revolt
- Bedoya, Alfonso (1904–1957)
- Bedoya de Molina, Dolores (1783–1853)
- Bedoya Reyes, Luis (1919–)
- Bedregal de Conitzer, Yolanda (1918–)
- Béjar, Héctor (1935–)
- Belalcázar, Sebastián de (1490–1551)
- Bélance, René (1915–2004)
- Belaúnde, Víctor Andrés (1883–1966)
- Belaúnde Terry, Fernando (1912–2002)
- Belém
- Belén, Catamarca
- Belén Conspiracy
- Belgian Colonization Company
Belgrano-Bernal
- Belgrano, Manuel (1770–1820)
- Belize
- Bellegarde, Luis Dantès (1877–1966)
- Belli, Gioconda (1948–)
- Bellinati, Paulo (1950–)
- Bello, Andrés (1781–1865)
- Belly, Félix (1816–1886)
- Belmopan
- Belo Horizonte
- Beltrán, Lola (1932–1996)
- Beltrán, Luis (1784–1827)
- Beltrán, Luis (Saint) (1526–1581)
- Beltrán, Manuela (1724–?)
- Beltrán, Pedro (1897–1979)
- Beltrán, Washington (1885–1920)
- Belzu, Manuel Isidoro (1808–1865)
- Bemberg, María Luisa (1922–1995)
- Bemberg, Otto (1827–1895)
- Benavides, Alonso de (1579–c. 1636)
- Benavides, Oscar Raimundo (1876–1945)
- Benedetti, Mario (1920–)
- Benedictines
- Benítez, Gregorio (1834–1910)
- Benítez, Jaime (1908–2001)
- Benítez Zenteno, Raúl (1931–2006)
- Bennett, Marshall (1775–1839)
- Benson, Nettie Lee (1905–1993)
- Bent's Fort
- Berbeo, Juan Francisco (1729–1795)
- Berenguer, Amanda (1921–)
- Beresford, William Carr (1768–1854)
- Bergaño y Villegas, Simón (1784–1828)
- Berges, José (Late 1820s–1868)
- Berman, Sabina (1955–)
- Bermejo, Ildefonso (1820–1892)
- Bermejo River
- Bermúdez, José Francisco (1782–1831)
- Bermúdez Varela, Enrique (1932–1991)
- Bernal Jiménez, Miguel (1910–1956)
- Bernal y García Pimentel, Ignacio (1910–1992)
Bernardes-Blanco
- Bernardes, Artur da Silva (1875–1955)
- Berni, Antonio (1905–1981)
- Berreta, Tomás (1875–1947)
- Berrío, Pedro Justo (1827–1875)
- Berro, Carlos (1853–1930)
- Bertoni, Moisés (1858–1929)
- Bertrand, Francisco (1866–1926)
- Beruti, Antonio Luis (1772–1841)
- Berutti, Arturo (1862–1938)
- Betances y Alacán, Ramón Emeterio (1827–1898)
- Betancourt, Rómulo (1908–1981)
- Betancourt Cisneros, Gaspar (1803–1866)
- Betancur Cuartas, Belisario (1923–)
- Bethancourt, Pedro de San José de (1626–1667)
- Bethlehemites
- Bianco, José (1908–1986)
- Bicalho Oswald, Henrique Carlos (1918–1965)
- Bidlack Treaty (Treaty of New Granada, 1846)
- Bienal de São Paulo
- Bigaud, Wilson (1931–)
- Bignone, Reynaldo (1928–)
- Big Stick Policy
- Bilac, Olavo (1865–1918)
- Bilbao Barquín, Francisco (1823–1865)
- Billinghurst, Guillermo Enrique (1851–1915)
- Bimini
- Bingham, Hiram (1875–1956)
- Bío-Bío River
- Bioy Casares, Adolfo (1914–1999)
- Bird, Vere Cornwall (1909–1999)
- Bishop, Maurice (1944–1983)
- Black Legend, The
- Blaine, James Gillespie (1830–1893)
- Blanco, Andrés Eloy (1897–1955)
- Blanco, José Félix (1782–1872)
- Blanco, Juan (1919–)
- Blanco Acevedo, Eduardo (1894–1971)
- Blanco Encalada, Manuel (1790–1876)
- Blanco Fombona, Rufino (1874–1944)
- Blanco Galdós, Hugo (1934–)
Blanco-Bonilla
- Blanco Galindo, Carlos (1882–1953)
- Blandengues
- Blanes, Juan Manuel (c. 1830–1901)
- Blest Gana, Alberto (1831–1920)
- Bloqueo de 1902, El
- Blue Book
- Bluefields
- Boal, Augusto (1931–)
- Bobadilla, Francisco de (?–c. 1502)
- Bobo, Rosalvo (?–1929)
- Bocaiúva, Quintino (1836–1912)
- Bodega y Quadra, Juan Francisco de la (1737–1794)
- Boero, Felipe (1884–1958)
- Boff, Leonardo (1938–)
- Boggiani, Guido (1861–1901)
- Bogotá, Santa Fe de
- Bogotá, Santa Fe de: The audiencia
- Bogotazo
- Bóia-Fria
- Boiso–Lanza Pact (1973)
- Bolaño, Roberto (1953–2003)
- Bolaños, César (1931–)
- Bolaños, Luis de (1549–1629)
- Boleadoras
- Bolero
- Bolívar, Simón (1783–1830)
- Bolivia
  - The Colonial Period
  - Since 1825
- Bolivia, Agrarian Reform
- Bolivia, Constitutions
  - Overview
  - Constitución Vitalicia
- Bolivia, Organizations
  - Bolivian State Petroleum Corporation (YPFB)
  - Bolivian Workers Central (COB)
  - Federation of Bolivian University Students
  - Syndical Federation of Bolivian Mineworkers (FSTMB)
- Bolivia, Political Parties
  - Overview
  - Bolivian Communist Party (PCB)
  - Bolivian Socialist Falange (FSB)
  - Conservative Party
  - Constitutionalist Party
  - Democratic Popular Unity
  - Liberal Party
  - Movement of the Revolutionary Left (MIR)
  - Movimentio Al Socialismo (MAS)
  - Nationalist Democratic Action (ADN)
  - Nationalist Revolutionary Movement (MNR)
  - Party of the Revolutionary Left (PIR)
  - Patriotic Agreement (AP)
  - Republican Party
- Bolognesi, Francisco (1816–1880)
- Bolton, Herbert Eugene (1870–1953)
- Bombal, María Luisa (1910–1980)
- Bonampak
- Bonaparte, Joseph (1768–1844)
- Bonfim, Nosso Senhor do
- Bonifaz Ascasubi, Neptalí (1870–1960?)
- Bonifaz Nuño, Rubén (1923–)
- Bonilla, Policarpo (1858–1926)
Bonilla-Brasília
- Bonilla Chirinos, Manuel (1849–1913)
- Bonnet, Stede (?–1718)
- Bonny, Anne
- Bonpland, Aimé Jacques (1773–1858)
- Borah, Woodrow (1912–1999)
- Borba Gato, Manuel de (c. 1628–1718)
- Bordaberry, Juan María (1928–)
- Borderlands, The
- Borge, Tomás (1930–)
- Borges, Jacobo (1931–)
- Borges, Jorge Luis (1899–1986)
- Borges de Medeiros, Antônio Augusto (1863–1961)
- Borja Cevallos, Rodrigo (1935–)
- Borja y Aragón, Francisco de (1583–1658)
- Borno, Joseph Louis E. Antoine François (1865–1942)
- Borrero y Cortázar, Antonio (1827–1911)
- Bosch Gaviño, Juan (1909–2001)
- Bossa Nova
- Boston Fruit Company
- Bota de Potro
- Botero, Fernando (1932–)
- Bouchard, Hipólito (1783–1837)
- Boullosa, Carmen (1954–)
- Boundary Disputes
  - Overview
  - Brazil
- Bourbon Reforms
- Bouterse, Desi (1945–)
- Boves, José Tomás (1782–1814)
- Box, Pelham Horton (1898–1937)
- Boxer, Charles Ralph (1904–2000)
- Boyacá, Battle of
- Boyer, Jean-Pierre (1776–1850)
- Bozzo, Laura (1951–)
- Bracero
- Braden, Spruille (1894–1978)
- Bragança, House of
- Bramuglia, Juan Atilio (1903–1962)
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- Brandão, Ignácio de Loyola (1936–)
- Brannon de Samayoa Chinchilla, Carmen (1899–1974)
- Brasília
Brás-Brión
- Brás Pereira Gomes, Wenceslau (1868–1966)
- Brasseur de Bourbourg, Charles Étienne (1814–1874)
- Brathwaite, Edward Kamau (1930–)
- Bravo, Claudio (1936–)
- Bravo, Leonardo (1764–1812)
- Bravo, Mario (1882–1944)
- Bravo, Nicolás (c. 1784–1854)
- Bray, Arturo (1898–1974)
- Brazil
  - The Colonial Era, 1500–1808
  - 1808–1889
  - Since 1889
- Brazil, Amnesty Act (1979)
- Brazil, Civil Code
- Brazil, Constitutions
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- Brazil, Electoral Reform Legislation
- Brazil, The Empire (First)
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- Brazilian Academy of Letters
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- Brazilian Highlands
- Brazil, Independence Movements
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- Brazil, National Security Doctrine
- Brazil, National Security Law
- Brazil, New Republic
- Brazilnut Industry
- Brazil, Organizations
  - Advanced Institute of Brazilian Studies (ISEB)
  - Brazilian Bar Association (OAB)
  - Brazilian Institute of the Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (IBAMA)
  - Brazilian Labor Confederation (COB)
  - Democratic Rural Union (UDR)
  - Development Superintendency of the Northeast (SUDENE)
  - Escola Superior da Guerra (ESG)
  - Frente Agrária (FA)
  - General Labor Command (CGT)
  - Getúlio Vargas Foundation (FGV)
  - Indian Protection Service (SPI)
  - Indigenist Missionary Council (CIMI)
  - Movimento Sem Terra
  - National Bank for Economic Development (BNDE)
  - National Conference of Brazilian Bishops (CNBB)
  - National Guard
  - National Housing Bank (BNH)
  - National Indian Foundation (FUNAI)
  - National Institute of Colonization and Agrarian Reform
  - National Students Union (UNE)
  - Pastoral Land Commission (CPT)
  - Peasant Leagues
  - Superintendency for the Development of Amazonia (SUDAM)
  - Superintendency of Agrarian Reform (SUPRA)
  - Superior Military Tribunal
  - Union of Farmers and Agricultural Laborers of Brazil (ULTAB)
  - Union of Indigenous Nations (UNI)
- Brazil, Political Parties
  - Brazilian Communist Party (PCB)
  - Brazilian Democratic Movement (MDB)
  - Brazilian Democratic Movement Party (PMDB)
  - Brazilian Labor Party (PTB)
  - Conservative Party
  - Integralist Action (AIB)
  - Liberal Alliance
  - Liberal Party
  - Moderados
  - National Democratic Union of Brazil (UDN)
  - National Renovating Alliance (ARENA)
  - Party of Brazilian Social Democracy (PSDB)
  - Popular Action (AP)
  - Republican Party (PR)
  - Workers Party (PT)
- Brazil, Populist Republic, 1945–1964
- Brazil, the Regency
- Brazil, Revolutions
  - Communist Revolts of 1935
  - Constitutionalist Revolt (São Paulo)
  - Federalist Revolt of 1893
  - Liberal Revolution of 1842
  - Revolts of 1923–1924
  - Revolution of 1930
  - Revolution of 1964
- Brazilian Truth Commission
- Brazil, Viceroys of
- Brazilwood
- Brecheret, Vítor (1894–1955)
- Brenner, Anita (1905–1974)
- Bresser Pereira, Luiz Carlos (1934–)
- Brierre, Jean–Fernand (1909–1992)
- Brión, Luis (1782–1821)
British-Burgos
- British in Argentina
- British Invasions, Río de la Plata
- British–Latin American Relations
- Brizola, Leonel (1922–2004)
- Brizuela, Francisco (1879–1947)
- Broqua, Alfonso (1876–1946)
- Brotherhoods
- Brouwer, Leo (1939–)
- Brown, William (1777–1857)
- Brull, Mariano (1891–1956)
- Brum, Baltasar (1883–1933)
- Brunet, Marta (1897–1967)
- Bryan–Chamorro Treaty (1914)
- Bryce Echenique, Alfredo (1939–)
- Buarque, Chico (1944–)
- Bucaram, Abdalá (1952–)
- Bucaram Elmhalin, Asaad (1916–1981)
- Bucareli Conferences
- Bucareli y Ursúa, Antonio María (1717–1779)
- Bucareli y Ursúa, Francisco de Paula (?–1770)
- Buccaneers and Privateers
- Buddhism
- Buenaventura
- Buena Vista, Battle of
- Buena Vista Social Club
- Buenos Aires
- Bulas Cuadragesimales
- Bulas de Santa Cruzada
- Bullfighting
- Bulnes, Francisco (1847–1924)
- Bulnes Pinto, Gonzalo (1851–1936)
- Bulnes Prieto, Manuel (1799–1866)
- Bumba-Meu-Boi
- Bunau–Varilla, Philippe Jean (1859–1940)
- Bunge, Alejandro (1880–1943)
- Bunge, Augusto (1877–1948)
- Bunge, Carlos Octavio (1875–1918)
- Buñuel, Luis (1900–1983)
- Burgos, Julia de (1914–1953)
- Burgos, Laws of
Burle-Environment
- Burle Marx, Roberto (1909–1994)
- Burnham, Linden Forbes Sampson (1923–1985)
- Busch Becerra, Germán (1903–1939)
- Bustamante, Anastasio (1780–1853)
- Bustamante, Carlos María de (1774–1848)
- Bustamante, William Alexander (1884–1977)
- Bustamante y Guerra, José (1759–1825)
- Bustamante y Rivero, José Luis (1894–1990)
- Bustos, Hermenegildo (1832–1907)
- Bustos, Juan Bautista (1779–1830)
- Butantã Institute
- Butler, Smedley Darlington (1881–1940)
- Environment and Development

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